Tenses

Tenses

1.     Simple Present Tense

(+) S + V1 + O / He,She,It + V₁ (s/es) + O

(-) S + Do/Does + Not + V₁ + O

(?) Do/Does + S + V₁ + O ?

We use it when we talk about :

Ø  Habit

Ex : Monkeys like Banana

Ø  Daily routines

Ex : My brother always goes to school at 06 : 30 a.m.

Ø  Scientific facts

Ex : Does water boil at 100⁰ C ?

Ø  Repeated actions

Ex : My mother cooks for lunch everyday

Ø  General truth

Ex : Obama doesn’t live in Indonesia

Ø  Permanent things

Women bear babies

2.      Present Continuous Tense

(+) S + To be (is/am/are) + V_-Ing + O

( -) S + To be + Not + V_-Ing + O

(?) To be + S + V_-Ing + O ?

We use it when we talk about the following :

Ø  Something that is happening now

Ex : Students are studying in the class now

Ø  Something that is happening around this time ( Unfinished activities )

Ex : I’m not writting a story for magazine this week

Ø  Changing condition

Ex : is the weather changing rapidly ?

3.     Simple Past Tense

(+) S + V₂ + O

(-) S + did + not + V₁ + O

(?) Did + S + V₁ + O ?

It is used to talk something that already happened in the past ( It is finished )

Ø  Ex : 1. Desta sang a song in the event

Ø  2. They didn’t participate in the badminton competition

Ø  3.  Did you organize the party ?

4.     Past Continuous Tense

(+) S + Was/Were + V_-Ing + O

(-) S + Was/Were + Not + V_-Ing + O

(?) Was/Were + S + V_-Ing + O ?

It is used to talk something that is in the process of happening in a particular time

In the past

Ø  Ex : 1. When I was chatting with my close-friend, He met me

Ø  2. When Mr. Jimy saw them, They weren’t smoking in the yard

Ø  3.  Was she listening to music in the garden?

5.      Present Perfect Tense

(+)  S + Have/ Has + V₃ + O

(-)   S + Have/ Has + Not + V₃ + O

(?)   Have/Has + S + V₃ + O ?

Ø  It still continuous up to now

Ex : I have not gotten a scholarship.

Ø  It doesn’t continue now but the impact of the past happening are present now

Ex : - I have lived in Yogyakarta since 2011.

-     Has toni come to tina’s party ?

6.     Present Perfect Continuous Tense

(+)  S + Have/ Has + Been + V_-ing + O

(-)   S + Have/ Has + Not + Been + V_-ing + O

(?)   Have/ Has + S + Been + V_-ing + O ?

Ø  The driver has been driving for more than 14 hours.

Ø  I Have not been gathering at campus.

Ø  Have you been writting a poem for assignment?

7.      Simple Future Tense

-      Be ( is, am, are ) + Going + to

       Be going to is used to express a prior plan or the activities that have already been

       Planned before.

Example :

       A : Dewi, do you have any plans next week ?

       B : My family and I are going to travel to Bali.

-      Will / Shall

       Will is used to express activities in response certain connditions

       ( Spontaneously) and even.

(+)  S + Will/ Shall + V₁ + O

(-)   S + Will/Shall + Not + V₁ + O

(?)   Will/ Shall + S + V₁ + O ?

Ø  I Shall sing a song for you.

Ø  He will not attend the workshop because of headache.

Ø  Will you give her a gift in the birthday party?

8.     Future Continuous Tense

(+)  S + Will + Be + V_-ing + O

(-)   S + Will + Not + Be + V_-ing + O

(?)   Will + S + Be + V_-ing + O ?

Ø  My Sister will be shopping in the Department Store.

Ø  We will not be swimming in Parangtritis Beach.

Ø  Will Siska be cycling tomorrow ?

9.     Past Perfect Tense

(+)  S + Had + V₃ + O

(-)   S + Had + Not + V₃ + O

(?)   Had + S + V₃ + O ?

Ø  Ari had finished his duty, when I met him.

Ø  They had not paid the fee tuition.

Ø  Had you seen the painting ?

10.               Past Perfect Continuous Tense

(+)  S + Had + Been + V_-ing + O

(-)   S + Had + Not + Been + V_-ing + O

(?)   Had + S + Been + V_-ing + O ?

Ø  I had been playing badminton.

Ø  The engine had not been running well.

Ø  Had they been waiting long ?

11.               Future Perfect Tense

(+)  S + Will + Have + V₃ + O

( -)  S + Will + Not + Have + V₃ + O

(?)   Will + S + Have + V₃ + O ?

Ø  When I get home tonight, my brother will have slept.

Ø  I will not have bought the ticket.

Ø  Will your grandpa have been here next Saturday ?

12.               Future Perfect Continuous Tense

(+)  S + Will + Have + Been + V_-ing + O

(-)   S + Will + Not + Have + Been + V_-ing + O

(?)   Will + S + Have + Been + V_-ing + O ?

Ø  I will have been spending my holiday in Bogor for two weeks.

Ø  She will not have been using the car.

Ø  Will they have been watching TV ?